Leading up to the Founding of Bolton

Leading up to the Founding of Bolton

The years from 1791 to 1819 were a politically active period in Canada’s history. 

  • 1791:  Constitutional Act divides Quebec into Upper & Lower Canada
  • 1791:  John Graves Simcoe is appointed as the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada
  • 1793:  York (Toronto) is named the capital of Upper Canada
  • 1805:  Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation cede 74,000 acres of their territorial land, along Lake Ontario, to the British Crown: Treaty 13
  • 1812:  The War of 1812 begins (it ended in 1815)
  • 1818:  Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation cede an additional 648,000 acres to the Crown: Treaty 19
  • 1819:  Surveys begin of the three new townships that comprise the northern part of Peel County:
          • Albion Township (Albion: the ancient name of England)
          • Caledon Township (Caledon: latin name for Scotland)
          • Chinguacousy Township (Chinguacousy: Ojibway for ‘Young Pine’)

Map of Mississauga Tract sold to the British Crown in 1818. The land included in the First Mississauga Purchase, signed in 1805, is noted. The second concession north of Dundas is Eglinton Avenue. The upper edge of the map is what today is Highway 9.

The Indigenous signatories to the Ajetance Treaty or Treaty 19 (also known as the 2nd Mississauga Purchase). Signed October 28, 1818. These tribal signatures are known as totems or doodems and are symbols that reference the clan or kinship group.